238.4 Construction Surveying - Revision history

Hoskir: /* 238.4.24 Geopak */ changed GeoPak to OpenRoads Designer

2024-01-16T15:56:01Z

238.4.24 Geopak: changed GeoPak to OpenRoads Designer

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:56, 16 January 2024
Line 171:		Line 171:
	Finished grade stakes are generally set at 50 ft intervals offset from the edge of pavement or shoulder, and are marked with a cut or fill amount to finished pavement grade. The contractor is consulted to determine the amount of required offset, if any, and whether any additional finished grade stakes are desired. It may be necessary to set them at closer intervals in some cases due to abrupt alignment, steep grades, and spiral transition curves. All elevations are to be determined and markings for cut or fill are to be made to the nearest 0.0l ft. It is not necessary to set finished grade stakes in linear grading sections.		Finished grade stakes are generally set at 50 ft intervals offset from the edge of pavement or shoulder, and are marked with a cut or fill amount to finished pavement grade. The contractor is consulted to determine the amount of required offset, if any, and whether any additional finished grade stakes are desired. It may be necessary to set them at closer intervals in some cases due to abrupt alignment, steep grades, and spiral transition curves. All elevations are to be determined and markings for cut or fill are to be made to the nearest 0.0l ft. It is not necessary to set finished grade stakes in linear grading sections.

	==238.4.24 ~~Geopak~~==		==238.4.24 OpenRoads Designer==

	~~Geopak~~ is a comprehensive software package that covers every construction phase from staking through final plans. The software works with the MicroStation graphic environment to provide dynamic on screen visualization for the user. ~~GEOPAK~~ chains and cross sections created by Design can be exported directly to HP48/SMI for staking. Using ~~GEOPAK~~ can ensure consistency and accuracy of construction and generate significant time savings in the overall effort of staking and payment calculation. Guidelines for the use of ~~GEOPAK~~ applied to construction processes are provided in the [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/standards_and_specs/caddstandards.htm Construction CADD Manual].		OpenRoads Designer is a comprehensive software package that covers every construction phase from staking through final plans. The software works with the MicroStation graphic environment to provide dynamic on screen visualization for the user. OpenRoads Designer chains and cross sections created by Design can be exported directly to HP48/SMI for staking. Using OpenRoads Designer can ensure consistency and accuracy of construction and generate significant time savings in the overall effort of staking and payment calculation. Guidelines for the use of OpenRoads Designer applied to construction processes are provided in the [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/standards_and_specs/caddstandards.htm Construction CADD Manual].

	==238.4.25 Staking structures==		==238.4.25 Staking structures==

Smithk at 16:22, 17 August 2021

2021-08-17T16:22:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:22, 17 August 2021
Line 87:		Line 87:
	Available equipment must be checked to be sure it is in good condition. The EDM is adjusted for current weather conditions using a thermometer and barometer. It is annually cleaned and calibrated by a certified technician. Checks against known controls are made quarterly, or more often if needed, at the project office and documented using the Survey Information Manager (SIM).		Available equipment must be checked to be sure it is in good condition. The EDM is adjusted for current weather conditions using a thermometer and barometer. It is annually cleaned and calibrated by a certified technician. Checks against known controls are made quarterly, or more often if needed, at the project office and documented using the Survey Information Manager (SIM).

	Stakes are made from a good grade of lumber. They are planed on both sides to permit clear marking. They are 1" x 4" x 18" in size, cut diagonally. These are satisfactory for right of way stakes, slope stakes, guard stakes, etc. Hubs for permanent points and for staking culverts are 2" x 2" x 18" while hubs for bridge staking are 2" x 2" x 24" to 30", or 2" x 4" x 24". Where hubs are to be driven in rocky soil, shorter hardwood stakes can be used. Paving stakes are 2" x 2" or 2" diameter hardwood of a length to ~~insure~~ they will not be disturbed during construction operations. In rocky subgrade, railroad spikes, rebar, and 80d nails can be used.		Stakes are made from a good grade of lumber. They are planed on both sides to permit clear marking. They are 1" x 4" x 18" in size, cut diagonally. These are satisfactory for right of way stakes, slope stakes, guard stakes, etc. Hubs for permanent points and for staking culverts are 2" x 2" x 18" while hubs for bridge staking are 2" x 2" x 24" to 30", or 2" x 4" x 24". Where hubs are to be driven in rocky soil, shorter hardwood stakes can be used. Paving stakes are 2" x 2" or 2" diameter hardwood of a length to ensure they will not be disturbed during construction operations. In rocky subgrade, railroad spikes, rebar, and 80d nails can be used.

	==238.4.8 Hand Signals==		==238.4.8 Hand Signals==
Line 181:		Line 181:
	[[Media:238.4 Bridge Staking Notes.pdf\|Field notebooks]] for structures are prepared in advance and all necessary data placed in the book so it will be available when staking begins.		[[Media:238.4 Bridge Staking Notes.pdf\|Field notebooks]] for structures are prepared in advance and all necessary data placed in the book so it will be available when staking begins.

	Culvert books are prepared by using a separate page for each structure. Show station of structure, type, size and length. Staking diagrams, showing all dimensions and staked distances, are made. Include a sketch showing elevations of flow lines. This information is taken from culvert plans that show station, size, type, length and skew angle. Leave space for sufficient cross sections and elevations to ~~insure~~ properly computed structure excavation when required. Cross sections in the plans indicate the length of culvert each side of centerline and flow line elevations. If the culvert is a corrugated metal pipe, the length is to the ends of the pipe. If the pipe is a concrete pipe with flared end sections, the length includes a portion of the end section. The length of a concrete box culvert is to inside faces of headwalls. Additional information can be found on [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/standards_and_specs/documents/73110.pdf Standard Plans 731.10] and [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/standards_and_specs/documents/73200.pdf 732.00]. The “angle” of the culvert is shown as 90 degrees if at right angles to the centerline, or a certain degree skew from right angles if other than 90 degrees. The skew is written RA or LA, meaning right ahead or left ahead. Right or left is determined by the direction of increasing station.		Culvert books are prepared by using a separate page for each structure. Show station of structure, type, size and length. Staking diagrams, showing all dimensions and staked distances, are made. Include a sketch showing elevations of flow lines. This information is taken from culvert plans that show station, size, type, length and skew angle. Leave space for sufficient cross sections and elevations to ensure properly computed structure excavation when required. Cross sections in the plans indicate the length of culvert each side of centerline and flow line elevations. If the culvert is a corrugated metal pipe, the length is to the ends of the pipe. If the pipe is a concrete pipe with flared end sections, the length includes a portion of the end section. The length of a concrete box culvert is to inside faces of headwalls. Additional information can be found on [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/standards_and_specs/documents/73110.pdf Standard Plans 731.10] and [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/standards_and_specs/documents/73200.pdf 732.00]. The “angle” of the culvert is shown as 90 degrees if at right angles to the centerline, or a certain degree skew from right angles if other than 90 degrees. The skew is written RA or LA, meaning right ahead or left ahead. Right or left is determined by the direction of increasing station.

	Generally 2 hubs centerline are all that are required to establish centerline for a pipe culvert. Set one hub at each end and offset a definite distance from the end of proposed pipe. If there is a break in the flowline grade, set 2 hubs - one right and one left of culvert centerline at the break, to mark this location. From the nearest benchmark determine the elevation of the top of each hub and compute the cut or fill from it to the respective flowline point. Set a guard stake behind each hub marked with its identity, offset distance, and cut or fill to the flowline elevation.		Generally 2 hubs centerline are all that are required to establish centerline for a pipe culvert. Set one hub at each end and offset a definite distance from the end of proposed pipe. If there is a break in the flowline grade, set 2 hubs - one right and one left of culvert centerline at the break, to mark this location. From the nearest benchmark determine the elevation of the top of each hub and compute the cut or fill from it to the respective flowline point. Set a guard stake behind each hub marked with its identity, offset distance, and cut or fill to the flowline elevation.
Line 332:		Line 332:

	===238.4.29.4 Pipes/Culverts===		===238.4.29.4 Pipes/Culverts===
	A visual inspection should be performed of the staking at each and every drainage structure before construction to verify if the alignment and grade properly matches the stream or drain. The vertical alignment should never be adjusted without consulting the design engineer or project manager. If the structure is an extension to an existing the grade should be checked against the existing structure to ~~insure~~ proper drainage. The project inspector should check at least 15% of the pipe or culvert stakes on the project. More checks may be considered if problems are found during the initial check. Staking tolerances should vary according to application. The vertical grade should compare within 0.1 ft., yet a slope ensuring proper drainage is to be verified for relatively flat slopes.		A visual inspection should be performed of the staking at each and every drainage structure before construction to verify if the alignment and grade properly matches the stream or drain. The vertical alignment should never be adjusted without consulting the design engineer or project manager. If the structure is an extension to an existing the grade should be checked against the existing structure to ensure proper drainage. The project inspector should check at least 15% of the pipe or culvert stakes on the project. More checks may be considered if problems are found during the initial check. Staking tolerances should vary according to application. The vertical grade should compare within 0.1 ft., yet a slope ensuring proper drainage is to be verified for relatively flat slopes.

	===238.4.29.5 Bridge Structures===		===238.4.29.5 Bridge Structures===

Smithk: Inclusive language

2021-07-02T18:03:05Z

Inclusive language

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:03, 2 July 2021
Line 36:		Line 36:
	==238.4.2 Contractor schedule==		==238.4.2 Contractor schedule==

	When ~~a contract is~~ awarded for an improvement ~~project~~, the ~~contractor~~ must be contacted to determine their work schedule. This will enable staking activities to be completed in advance of ~~his~~ operations. The contractor will furnish the stakes necessary for this work. Arrangements must be made for immediate delivery.		When contracts are awarded for improvement projects, the contractors must be contacted to determine their work schedule. This will enable staking activities to be completed in advance of their operations. The contractor will furnish the stakes necessary for this work. Arrangements must be made for immediate delivery.

	==238.4.3 Staking methods==		==238.4.3 Staking methods==

Smithk: updated link

2020-07-10T12:53:01Z

updated link

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:53, 10 July 2020
Line 125:		Line 125:
	==238.4.16 Channel changes quantities==		==238.4.16 Channel changes quantities==

	The principles described in the paragraph above (EPG 238.4.1.15) also apply to channel changes and channel cleanouts where quantities have been computed. Since plan quantities are not used to pay for borrow excavation, [[~~:Category:135 The Section 106 Process#135~~.3 Borrow and ~~Excess Material~~ Areas\|borrow areas]] must be staked and original cross sections taken before the contractor begins work in the area.		The principles described in the paragraph above (EPG 238.4.1.15) also apply to channel changes and channel cleanouts where quantities have been computed. Since plan quantities are not used to pay for borrow excavation, [[127.22 Off-Site Borrow, Spoil, and Staging Areas\|borrow areas]] must be staked and original cross sections taken before the contractor begins work in the area.

	==238.4.17 Rock sections==		==238.4.17 Rock sections==

Smithk: Per CADD, updated Survey Coding Sheet links

2018-11-15T20:48:36Z

Per CADD, updated Survey Coding Sheet links

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:48, 15 November 2018
Line 25:		Line 25:
	\|[[Media:238.4 Documentation Record Form C-258.doc\|Documentation Record Form C-258]]		\|[[Media:238.4 Documentation Record Form C-258.doc\|Documentation Record Form C-258]]
	\|-		\|-
	\|[~~http~~://www.modot.~~mo.gov~~/~~business~~/~~standards_and_specs~~/documents/~~MoDOT_2006_Survey_Code_Sheet~~.~~pdf~~ Survey Coding Sheet]		\|[https://www.modot.org/sites/default/files/documents/MoDOT_Survey_Code_Sheet_2018.PDF Survey Coding Sheet]
	\|}		\|}

Line 32:		Line 32:
	==238.4.1 Staking operations==		==238.4.1 Staking operations==

	A major duty of field personnel is the proper, accurate, and timely staking of control points on the project. The importance of staking and handling of related fieldwork cannot be over emphasized because the contractor's progress often depends on adequate staking. Information concerning staking operations preformed by the contractor’s personnel is contained in [[238.4 Construction Surveying#238.4.27.2 Surveying and Staking by the Contractor\|EPG 238.4.27.2]]. Information concerning MoDOT’s quality assurance checks of the contractor’s surveying work is contained in [[238.4 Construction Surveying#238.4.29 Quality Assurance\|EPG 238.4.29]]. To ensure proper accounting for each of the various surveying tasks involved with construction surveying, the [~~http~~://www.modot.~~mo.gov~~/~~business~~/~~standards_and_specs~~/documents/~~MoDOT_2006_Survey_Code_Sheet~~.~~pdf~~ correct coding] must always be used.		A major duty of field personnel is the proper, accurate, and timely staking of control points on the project. The importance of staking and handling of related fieldwork cannot be over emphasized because the contractor's progress often depends on adequate staking. Information concerning staking operations preformed by the contractor’s personnel is contained in [[238.4 Construction Surveying#238.4.27.2 Surveying and Staking by the Contractor\|EPG 238.4.27.2]]. Information concerning MoDOT’s quality assurance checks of the contractor’s surveying work is contained in [[238.4 Construction Surveying#238.4.29 Quality Assurance\|EPG 238.4.29]]. To ensure proper accounting for each of the various surveying tasks involved with construction surveying, the [https://www.modot.org/sites/default/files/documents/MoDOT_Survey_Code_Sheet_2018.PDF correct coding] must always be used.

	==238.4.2 Contractor schedule==		==238.4.2 Contractor schedule==

Smithk: updated links

2016-06-08T19:42:44Z

updated links

Smithk: Per BR, removed reference to archaic form (BR 105)

2015-11-10T20:41:06Z

Per BR, removed reference to archaic form (BR 105)

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:41, 10 November 2015
Line 22:		Line 22:
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''Forms'''		\|'''Forms'''
	\|-
	~~\|[[Media:748.7 Form BR 105 R.doc\|Form BR 105]]~~
	\|-		\|-
	\|[[Media:238.4 Documentation Record Form C-258.doc\|Documentation Record Form C-258]]		\|[[Media:238.4 Documentation Record Form C-258.doc\|Documentation Record Form C-258]]

Smithk: updated links

2014-12-05T13:27:08Z

updated links

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:27, 5 December 2014
Line 321:		Line 321:

	===238.4.29.1 Control Survey===		===238.4.29.1 Control Survey===
	A quality assurance check should be performed on all control points including the control established by design survey. The inspector responsible for surveying activities should establish additional control points within sections of a project where existing control will be destroyed during construction operations. Before checking the accuracy of a control point, the project inspector should visually inspect the point to ensure that it is installed according to [[238.3 Route Surveying#238.3.17 2D control points\|EPG 238.3.1.17]] or [[238.3 Route Surveying#238.3.18 3D control points\|EPG 238.3.1.18]]. The point should be placed in an area capable of acquiring satellite signal for the purpose of GPS base setup. The quality assurance check should be within 0.04 ft. horizontal tolerance. The elevation on a 3D control point should be compared to that of nearby benchmarks. The vertical tolerance for a 3D control point shall be 0.01 ft.		A quality assurance check should be performed on all control points including the control established by design survey. The inspector responsible for surveying activities should establish additional control points within sections of a project where existing control will be destroyed during construction operations. Before checking the accuracy of a control point, the project inspector should visually inspect the point to ensure that it is installed according to [[238.3 Route Surveying#238.3.17 2D control points\|EPG 238.3.17]] or [[238.3 Route Surveying#238.3.18 3D control points\|EPG 238.3.18]]. The point should be placed in an area capable of acquiring satellite signal for the purpose of GPS base setup. The quality assurance check should be within 0.04 ft. horizontal tolerance. The elevation on a 3D control point should be compared to that of nearby benchmarks. The vertical tolerance for a 3D control point shall be 0.01 ft.

	===238.4.29.2 Clearing limits===		===238.4.29.2 Clearing limits===

Smithk: /* 238.4.16 Channel changes quantities */ updated link

2010-12-17T21:19:26Z

238.4.16 Channel changes quantities: updated link

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:19, 17 December 2010
Line 127:		Line 127:
	==238.4.16 Channel changes quantities==		==238.4.16 Channel changes quantities==

	The principles described in the paragraph above (EPG 238.4.1.15) also apply to channel changes and channel cleanouts where quantities have been computed. Since plan quantities are not used to pay for borrow excavation, [[Borrow and Excess Material Areas\|borrow areas]] must be staked and original cross sections taken before the contractor begins work in the area.		The principles described in the paragraph above (EPG 238.4.1.15) also apply to channel changes and channel cleanouts where quantities have been computed. Since plan quantities are not used to pay for borrow excavation, [[:Category:135 The Section 106 Process#135.3 Borrow and Excess Material Areas\|borrow areas]] must be staked and original cross sections taken before the contractor begins work in the area.

	==238.4.17 Rock sections==		==238.4.17 Rock sections==

Smithk: /* 238.4.1 Staking operations */ "ensure" correction

2010-07-09T13:19:08Z

238.4.1 Staking operations: "ensure" correction

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:19, 9 July 2010
Line 34:		Line 34:
	==238.4.1 Staking operations==		==238.4.1 Staking operations==

	A major duty of field personnel is the proper, accurate, and timely staking of control points on the project. The importance of staking and handling of related fieldwork cannot be over emphasized because the contractor's progress often depends on adequate staking. Information concerning staking operations preformed by the contractor’s personnel is contained in [[238.4 Construction Surveying#238.4.27.2 Surveying and Staking by the Contractor\|EPG 238.4.27.2]]. Information concerning MoDOT’s quality assurance checks of the contractor’s surveying work is contained in [[238.4 Construction Surveying#238.4.29 Quality Assurance\|EPG 238.4.29]]. To ~~insure~~ proper accounting for each of the various surveying tasks involved with construction surveying, the [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/standards_and_specs/documents/MoDOT_2006_Survey_Code_Sheet.pdf correct coding] must always be used.		A major duty of field personnel is the proper, accurate, and timely staking of control points on the project. The importance of staking and handling of related fieldwork cannot be over emphasized because the contractor's progress often depends on adequate staking. Information concerning staking operations preformed by the contractor’s personnel is contained in [[238.4 Construction Surveying#238.4.27.2 Surveying and Staking by the Contractor\|EPG 238.4.27.2]]. Information concerning MoDOT’s quality assurance checks of the contractor’s surveying work is contained in [[238.4 Construction Surveying#238.4.29 Quality Assurance\|EPG 238.4.29]]. To ensure proper accounting for each of the various surveying tasks involved with construction surveying, the [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/standards_and_specs/documents/MoDOT_2006_Survey_Code_Sheet.pdf correct coding] must always be used.

	==238.4.2 Contractor schedule==		==238.4.2 Contractor schedule==

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:42, 8 June 2016
Line 113:		Line 113:
	==238.4.13 Measuring clearing and grubbing==		==238.4.13 Measuring clearing and grubbing==

	Specifications describe the method of measuring clearing and grubbing units ([http://www.modot.~~mo.gov~~/business/standards_and_specs/~~Sec0201~~.pdf Section 201] of the Missouri Standard Specification for Highway Construction). When required by specification, the number of units must be determined. The area of each unit is laid out and only those containing clearing are counted. Consider those areas that are marked on the plans to be undisturbed. At this time, it can be determined which clearing units are to be grubbed, based on proposed cut or fill in each unit. A complete record is made in the field notebook of the units counted. The contractor's representative will be present when the count for the record is made. If the contractor's representative is not present, a memorandum from the contractor stating this fact is necessary.		Specifications describe the method of measuring clearing and grubbing units ([http://www.modot.org/business/standards_and_specs/SpecbookEPG.pdf#page=5 Section 201] of the Missouri Standard Specification for Highway Construction). When required by specification, the number of units must be determined. The area of each unit is laid out and only those containing clearing are counted. Consider those areas that are marked on the plans to be undisturbed. At this time, it can be determined which clearing units are to be grubbed, based on proposed cut or fill in each unit. A complete record is made in the field notebook of the units counted. The contractor's representative will be present when the count for the record is made. If the contractor's representative is not present, a memorandum from the contractor stating this fact is necessary.

	==238.4.14 Vertical control and benchmarks==		==238.4.14 Vertical control and benchmarks==
Line 240:		Line 240:
	In the notification, give a general description of the area in which the monument is located, together with the designation stamped on the bronze plate. The U.S.G.S. will either send a party to move it, or send forms on which to enter the description of the new location and field notes for revision of data. If project forces move a level monument, the difference in elevation only need be recorded with proper field notes to substantiate the difference. To preserve accuracy as nearly as possible, the difference in elevation is given to the one-thousandth of a foot. For a traverse monument, the determined data is true bearing to the nearest l/2 degree, with horizontal distance to the nearest one-tenth foot from old to new location. Where true bearing is not available, reference the monument with some accurate transit ties so exact location can be re-established. Send this information to U.S.G.S. so they can reset the monument with their own forces.		In the notification, give a general description of the area in which the monument is located, together with the designation stamped on the bronze plate. The U.S.G.S. will either send a party to move it, or send forms on which to enter the description of the new location and field notes for revision of data. If project forces move a level monument, the difference in elevation only need be recorded with proper field notes to substantiate the difference. To preserve accuracy as nearly as possible, the difference in elevation is given to the one-thousandth of a foot. For a traverse monument, the determined data is true bearing to the nearest l/2 degree, with horizontal distance to the nearest one-tenth foot from old to new location. Where true bearing is not available, reference the monument with some accurate transit ties so exact location can be re-established. Send this information to U.S.G.S. so they can reset the monument with their own forces.

	==238.4.27 Contractor staking (see [http://www.modot.~~mo.gov~~/business/standards_and_specs/~~Sec0627~~.pdf Section 627])==		==238.4.27 Contractor staking (see [http://www.modot.org/business/standards_and_specs/SpecbookEPG.pdf#page=9 Section 627])==

	[[:Category:627 Contractor Surveying and Staking\|Construction inspection guidelines]] are also available.		[[:Category:627 Contractor Surveying and Staking\|Construction inspection guidelines]] are also available.
Line 260:		Line 260:
	The construction centerline shown on the plans must be accurately established and the control points of all curves will be referenced. If it is necessary to introduce an equation in order to match the plan stationing or if a plan equation is changed, the change will be at the written direction of the resident engineer.		The construction centerline shown on the plans must be accurately established and the control points of all curves will be referenced. If it is necessary to introduce an equation in order to match the plan stationing or if a plan equation is changed, the change will be at the written direction of the resident engineer.

	Adjustments necessary to provide accurate staking or match improvements to existing features shall be immediately brought to the attention of the engineer. The engineer will determine the nature of the discrepancy and make revisions to the plans as necessary. The contractor shall perform any restaking required by such revisions. Any reimbursement due to the contractor for additional staking due to design errors will be in accordance with [http://www.modot.~~mo.gov~~/business/standards_and_specs/~~Sec0109~~.pdf Section 109.4.3] of the Missouri Standard Specification for Highway Construction.		Adjustments necessary to provide accurate staking or match improvements to existing features shall be immediately brought to the attention of the engineer. The engineer will determine the nature of the discrepancy and make revisions to the plans as necessary. The contractor shall perform any restaking required by such revisions. Any reimbursement due to the contractor for additional staking due to design errors will be in accordance with [http://www.modot.org/business/standards_and_specs/SpecbookEPG.pdf#page=4 Section 109.4.3] of the Missouri Standard Specification for Highway Construction.

	After the centerline has been established and referenced, centerline elevations will be taken at all stations and at any other points required to ensure the computation of accurate quantities. Centerline elevations will be based on the plan datum. All benchmarks shown on the plans will be checked.		After the centerline has been established and referenced, centerline elevations will be taken at all stations and at any other points required to ensure the computation of accurate quantities. Centerline elevations will be based on the plan datum. All benchmarks shown on the plans will be checked.
Line 288:		Line 288:
	===238.4.27.2 Surveying and Staking by the Contractor===		===238.4.27.2 Surveying and Staking by the Contractor===

	When a [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/contractor_resources/biditemslisting.htm bid item] for construction surveying is included in the contract, the contractor will provide the necessary surveying and staking for the successful completion of the work in accordance with [http://www.modot.~~mo.gov~~/business/standards_and_specs/~~Sec0627~~.pdf Section 627] of the Missouri Standard Specification for Highway Construction.		When a [http://www.modot.mo.gov/business/contractor_resources/biditemslisting.htm bid item] for construction surveying is included in the contract, the contractor will provide the necessary surveying and staking for the successful completion of the work in accordance with [http://www.modot.org/business/standards_and_specs/SpecbookEPG.pdf#page=9 Section 627] of the Missouri Standard Specification for Highway Construction.

	===238.4.27.3 Pre-Construction===		===238.4.27.3 Pre-Construction===