903.1 General (MUTCD Chapter 2A) - Revision history

HogsettC: /* {{SpanID|903.1.23}}903.1.23 Median Opening Treatments for Divided Highways (MUTCD Section 2A.23) */

2025-12-11T14:33:26Z

{{SpanID|903.1.23}}903.1.23 Median Opening Treatments for Divided Highways (MUTCD Section 2A.23)

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	{{SpanID\|fig903-1-23}}		{{SpanID\|fig903-1-23}}
	[[File:Figure 903.1.23 Intersection Configuration at a Divided Highway Crossing.png\|center\|thumb\|alt=~~An example~~ of ~~separate intersections~~, ~~where~~ the ~~paths~~ the of ~~opposing~~ left-turning ~~vehicles~~ cross, and ~~an example~~ of a ~~single~~ intersection, in ~~which~~ the ~~paths~~ of ~~opposing~~ left-turning ~~vehicles~~ do not cross. \|800px\| '''Figure 903.1.23''' Intersection Configuration at a Divided Highway Crossing]]		[[File:Figure 903.1.23 Intersection Configuration at a Divided Highway Crossing.png\|center\|thumb\|alt= A: A two-lane horizontal roadway intersecting with two northbound lanes, a wide median, and two southbound lanes of a vertical divided highway with a median width of 150 feet is shown. The vertical highway is composed of two through lanes and a left-turn lane in each direction. Starting at the end of both left-turn lanes, a solid blue line is shown curving to the left, continuing straight through the two horizontal lanes (one eastbound and one westbound, respectively), and stopping in the middle of the opposite vertical roadway travel lanes. The blue lines end in arrowheads, pointing to the left. The blue lines denote the “path of left-turning vehicles” that cross over each other in the horizontal roadway in opposing directions.
			B: A two-lane horizontal roadway intersecting with two northbound lanes, a narrow median, and two southbound lanes of a vertical divided highway is shown. The vertical highway is composed of two through lanes and a left-turn lane in each direction. Starting at the end of both left-turn lanes, a solid blue line is shown curving to the left, continuing straight through the intersection, crossing over both vertical lanes before stopping at the outside edge of the opposite vertical roadway. The blue lines end in arrowheads, pointing to the left. The blue lines denote the “path of left-turning vehicles” that do not cross over each other in the intersection in opposing directions.\|800px\| '''Figure 903.1.23''' Intersection Configuration at a Divided Highway Crossing]]

	At the crossing of two divided highways, engineering judgment should be used to determine the number of separate intersections.		At the crossing of two divided highways, engineering judgment should be used to determine the number of separate intersections.

HogsettC: /* {{SpanID|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13) */

2025-12-11T14:32:22Z

{{SpanID|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13)

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	{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-1}}		{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-1}}
	[[File:Figure 903.1.13.1 Examples of Heights and Lateral Locations of Sign Installations.png\|thumb\|alt=~~Examples~~ of sign ~~locations~~ at ~~an acute-angle intersection~~, a ~~channelized intersection~~, a ~~minor crossroad~~, ~~an urban intersection~~, a ~~divisional island~~, and a ~~wide-throat intersection~~.\|center\|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.1''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]		[[File:Figure 903.1.13.1 Examples of Heights and Lateral Locations of Sign Installations.png\|thumb\|alt=A: A sign is shown at a height from the bottom edge of the sign to the level of the edge of the pavement, and at a lateral distance between the edge of the pavement and edge of shoulder and the near edge of the sign.
			B: A roadway is shown with a curb along the outside edge of the pavement. A “Speed Limit” sign is shown at a height from the bottom edge of the sign to the surface of the sidewalk, and at a lateral distance from the edge of the pavement to the near edge of the sign.
			C: A Curve Warning sign is shown with a 25 MPH advisory speed plaque mounted below. This sign assembly is shown at a height from the bottom edge of the plaque to the surface of the pavement, and at a lateral distance from the pavement edge and shoulder edge to the near edge of the Warning sign.
			D: A roadway is shown with the placement of a roadside assembly consisting of several route markers and directional arrow markers. The height from the bottom edge of the lowest sign to the pavement and the lateral distance from the pavement edge and shoulder edge to the near edge of the closest sign are shown.
			E: A R4-7 sign mounted above an object marker is shown. The height from the bottom edge of the Warning sign and the bottom edge of the object marker to the pavement is shown.
			F: A Chevron sign is shown at a height from the bottom edge of the sign to the level of the edge of the pavement or edge of shoulder, and at a lateral distance between the edge of the pavement or edge of shoulder and the near edge of the sign.
			G: An Emergency Reference Marker is shown at a height from the bottom edge of the sign to the level edge of the shoulder, and at a lateral distance between the edge of the shoulder and the near edge of the sign.
			H. A Double Down Arrow sign is is shown at a height from the bottom edge of the sign to the level edge of the shoulder, and at a lateral distance between the edge of the shoulder and the near edge of the sign.\|center\|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.1''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]

	{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-2}}		{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-2}}
	[[File:Figure 903.1.13.2 Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections.png\|thumb\|alt=~~Examples~~ of ~~sign locations at~~ an acute-~~angle~~ intersection, a ~~channelized~~ intersection, ~~a minor crossroad~~, an ~~urban~~ intersection, a divisional island~~, and a wide~~-~~throat~~ intersection.\|center\|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.2''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]		[[File:Figure 903.1.13.2 Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections.png\|thumb\|alt=
			A: A “STOP” sign placed on the stem of an acute angle intersection that is T-shaped is shown. The distance from the edge of the road along the top of the T and from the edge of the road on the stem of the T to the nearest edge of the “STOP” sign is shown.
			B: A T-shaped intersection with a right-turn lane separated from the perpendicular portion of the road by a triangular-shaped channelizing island is shown. A “STOP” sign facing the stem of the T is shown on the island. The distances from the edge of the island closest to the stem of the T and top of the T to the nearest edge of the “STOP” sign are shown. A “Yield” sign is shown to the right of the right-turn lane facing traffic. The distance from the edge of the right-turn lane to the nearest edge of the “Yield” sign is shown.
			C: An intersection with four legs is shown. Signs are on the northwest and southeast corners of the intersection, facing to the north and south, respectively. The distance from the edge of the horizontal and vertical road pavement to the near edge of these signs is both the same. The distances are only shown on the southeast corner sign.
			D: The southeast corner of an intersection is shown. Sidewalks are parallel to both the horizontal and vertical road. The projection of the horizontal sidewalk across the vertical road is denoted as a ""marked or unmarked crosswalk."" A sign is shown on the south leg of the intersection, facing northbound traffic. The distance from the southernmost edge of the “marked or unmarked crosswalk” to the sign is shown. The distance from the edge of the vertical road to the near edge of the sign is shown.
			E: A divisional island at a T-shaped intersection is shown. The island in the middle of the roadway is at the stem of the T. A sign on the right side of the roadway facing northbound traffic is shown. The distance from the nearest edge of that sign to the edge of the pavement of the vertical road is shown. Another sign is shown near the north end of the island. The distances from either edge of that sign to either edge of the divisional island are both shown.
			F: A T-shaped intersection. A sign is shown on the southeast corner of the intersection, facing northbound traffic. The distance from the edge of the horizontal road to the sign, at the point where the southeast corner radius meets the tangent section of the horizontal roadway, is shown. The distance from the edge of the vertical roadway to the nearest edge of the sign is shown.\|center\|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.2''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]

	'''Standard. '''Signs requiring separate decisions by the road user shall be spaced sufficiently far apart for the appropriate decisions to be made.		'''Standard. '''Signs requiring separate decisions by the road user shall be spaced sufficiently far apart for the appropriate decisions to be made.

HogsettC: /* {{SpanID|903.1.11}}903.1.11 Enhanced Conspicuity for Standards Signs (MUTCD Section 2A.11) */

2025-12-11T14:30:59Z

{{SpanID|903.1.11}}903.1.11 Enhanced Conspicuity for Standards Signs (MUTCD Section 2A.11)

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	{{SpanID\|fig903-1-11}}		{{SpanID\|fig903-1-11}}
	[[File:Figure 903.1.11 Examples of Enhanced Conspicuity for Signs.png\|thumb\|alt=A ~~W16-18P plaque~~ above a regulatory sign, a ~~supplemental~~ beacon above a warning sign~~, a stop sign with LEDs in the border, and a~~ vertical ~~retroreflective~~ strip on a sign support.\|center\|600px\| '''Figure 903.1.11''' Examples of Enhanced Conspicuity for Signs]]		[[File:Figure 903.1.11 Examples of Enhanced Conspicuity for Signs.png\|thumb\|alt="A:A yellow rectangular header panel is shown with the legend ""NOTICE,"" in black letters, mounted above a standard regulatory sign with the legend ""WEIGHT LIMIT 10 TONS"" in black letters on four lines.
			B:LED lights are shown on the perimeter of a “Stop” sign.
			C:A round yellow beacon is shown mounted above an intersection warning sign.
			D:A vertical fluorescent yellow-green strip is shown on the top half length of a sign support for a fluorescent yellow-green “Pedestrian Crossing” sign."
			\|center\|600px\| '''Figure 903.1.11''' Examples of Enhanced Conspicuity for Signs]]

	'''Support. '''Sign conspicuity improvements can also be achieved by removing non-essential and illegal signs from the right-of-way (see [[:Category:911_General_(MUTCD_Part_1) #911.4.2 \| EPG 911 (MUTCD Section 1D.02)]]), and by relocating signs to provide better spacing. [[#903.1.20\|EPG 903.1.20]] contains information on excessive use of signs.		'''Support. '''Sign conspicuity improvements can also be achieved by removing non-essential and illegal signs from the right-of-way (see [[:Category:911_General_(MUTCD_Part_1) #911.4.2 \| EPG 911 (MUTCD Section 1D.02)]]), and by relocating signs to provide better spacing. [[#903.1.20\|EPG 903.1.20]] contains information on excessive use of signs.

WilkeJ: /* {{SpanID|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13) */

2025-12-01T21:09:43Z

{{SpanID|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13)

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	Examples of advance signing on intersection approaches are illustrated in [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]]. [[903.2 Regulatory Signs and Barricades (MUTCD Chapter 2B) #903.2\|EPG 903.2]], [[903.3 Ground-Mounted Sign Supports #903.3\|903.3]], and [[903.4 Guide Signs—Conventional Roads (MUTCD Chapter 2D) #903.4\|903.4]] contain provisions regarding the application of regulatory, warning, and conventional guide signs, respectively.		Examples of advance signing on intersection approaches are illustrated in [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]]. [[903.2 Regulatory Signs and Barricades (MUTCD Chapter 2B) #903.2\|EPG 903.2]], [[903.3 Ground-Mounted Sign Supports #903.3\|903.3]], and [[903.4 Guide Signs—Conventional Roads (MUTCD Chapter 2D) #903.4\|903.4]] contain provisions regarding the application of regulatory, warning, and conventional guide signs, respectively.


	{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-1}}		{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-1}}

HogsettC: /* {{SpanID|903.1.11}}903.1.11 Enhanced Conspicuity for Standards Signs (MUTCD Section 2A.11) */

2025-12-01T17:19:28Z

{{SpanID|903.1.11}}903.1.11 Enhanced Conspicuity for Standards Signs (MUTCD Section 2A.11)

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	=={{SpanID\|903.1.11}}903.1.11 Enhanced Conspicuity for Standards Signs (MUTCD Section 2A.11)==		=={{SpanID\|903.1.11}}903.1.11 Enhanced Conspicuity for Standards Signs (MUTCD Section 2A.11)==
	~~{{SpanID\|fig903-1-11}}~~
	[[File:Figure 903.1.11 Examples of Enhanced Conspicuity for Signs.png\|thumb\|alt=A W16-18P plaque above a regulatory sign, a supplemental beacon above a warning sign, a stop sign with LEDs in the border, and a vertical retroreflective strip on a sign support. \|600px\| '''Figure 903.1.11''' Examples of Enhanced Conspicuity for Signs]]

	'''Option. '''Based upon engineering judgment, where the improvement of the conspicuity of a standard regulatory, warning, or guide sign is desired, any of the following methods may be used, as appropriate, to enhance the sign’s conspicuity (see [[#fig903-1-11\|Figure 903.1.11]]):		'''Option. '''Based upon engineering judgment, where the improvement of the conspicuity of a standard regulatory, warning, or guide sign is desired, any of the following methods may be used, as appropriate, to enhance the sign’s conspicuity (see [[#fig903-1-11\|Figure 903.1.11]]):
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	::I. Adding a strip of retroreflective material to the sign support in accordance with the provisions of the second Standard paragraph below.		::I. Adding a strip of retroreflective material to the sign support in accordance with the provisions of the second Standard paragraph below.
	::J. Using other methods that are specifically allowed for certain signs as described elsewhere in the EPG. The MoDOT Highway Safety and Traffic Division will evaluate any new methods to improve sign conspicuity.		::J. Using other methods that are specifically allowed for certain signs as described elsewhere in the EPG. The MoDOT Highway Safety and Traffic Division will evaluate any new methods to improve sign conspicuity.

			{{SpanID\|fig903-1-11}}
			[[File:Figure 903.1.11 Examples of Enhanced Conspicuity for Signs.png\|thumb\|alt=A W16-18P plaque above a regulatory sign, a supplemental beacon above a warning sign, a stop sign with LEDs in the border, and a vertical retroreflective strip on a sign support.\|center\|600px\| '''Figure 903.1.11''' Examples of Enhanced Conspicuity for Signs]]

	'''Support. '''Sign conspicuity improvements can also be achieved by removing non-essential and illegal signs from the right-of-way (see [[:Category:911_General_(MUTCD_Part_1) #911.4.2 \| EPG 911 (MUTCD Section 1D.02)]]), and by relocating signs to provide better spacing. [[#903.1.20\|EPG 903.1.20]] contains information on excessive use of signs.		'''Support. '''Sign conspicuity improvements can also be achieved by removing non-essential and illegal signs from the right-of-way (see [[:Category:911_General_(MUTCD_Part_1) #911.4.2 \| EPG 911 (MUTCD Section 1D.02)]]), and by relocating signs to provide better spacing. [[#903.1.20\|EPG 903.1.20]] contains information on excessive use of signs.

HogsettC: /* {{SpanID|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13) */

2025-12-01T17:18:52Z

{{SpanID|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13)

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	'''Support. '''Standardization of position cannot always be attained in practice. Examples of heights and lateral locations of signs for typical installations are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]], and examples of locations for some typical signs at intersections are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-2\|Figure 903.1.13.2]] and [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]].		'''Support. '''Standardization of position cannot always be attained in practice. Examples of heights and lateral locations of signs for typical installations are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]], and examples of locations for some typical signs at intersections are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-2\|Figure 903.1.13.2]] and [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]].

			Examples of advance signing on intersection approaches are illustrated in [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]]. [[903.2 Regulatory Signs and Barricades (MUTCD Chapter 2B) #903.2\|EPG 903.2]], [[903.3 Ground-Mounted Sign Supports #903.3\|903.3]], and [[903.4 Guide Signs—Conventional Roads (MUTCD Chapter 2D) #903.4\|903.4]] contain provisions regarding the application of regulatory, warning, and conventional guide signs, respectively.

	{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-1}}		{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-1}}
	[[File:Figure 903.1.13.1 Examples of Heights and Lateral Locations of Sign Installations.png\|thumb\|alt=Examples of sign locations at an acute-angle intersection, a channelized intersection, a minor crossroad, an urban intersection, a divisional island, and a wide-throat intersection.\|center\|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.1''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]		[[File:Figure 903.1.13.1 Examples of Heights and Lateral Locations of Sign Installations.png\|thumb\|alt=Examples of sign locations at an acute-angle intersection, a channelized intersection, a minor crossroad, an urban intersection, a divisional island, and a wide-throat intersection.\|center\|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.1''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]

	Examples of advance signing on intersection approaches are illustrated in [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]]. [[903.2 Regulatory Signs and Barricades (MUTCD Chapter 2B) #903.2\|EPG 903.2]], [[903.3 Ground-Mounted Sign Supports #903.3\|903.3]], and [[903.4 Guide Signs—Conventional Roads (MUTCD Chapter 2D) #903.4\|903.4]] contain provisions regarding the application of regulatory, warning, and conventional guide signs, respectively.

	{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-2}}		{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-2}}

HogsettC: /* {{SpanID|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13) */

2025-12-01T17:18:29Z

{{SpanID|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13)

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	=={{SpanID\|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13)==		=={{SpanID\|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13)==

			'''Support. '''Standardization of position cannot always be attained in practice. Examples of heights and lateral locations of signs for typical installations are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]], and examples of locations for some typical signs at intersections are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-2\|Figure 903.1.13.2]] and [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]].

	{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-1}}		{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-1}}
	[[File:Figure 903.1.13.1 Examples of Heights and Lateral Locations of Sign Installations.png\|thumb\|alt=Examples of sign locations at an acute-angle intersection, a channelized intersection, a minor crossroad, an urban intersection, a divisional island, and a wide-throat intersection. \|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.1''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]		[[File:Figure 903.1.13.1 Examples of Heights and Lateral Locations of Sign Installations.png\|thumb\|alt=Examples of sign locations at an acute-angle intersection, a channelized intersection, a minor crossroad, an urban intersection, a divisional island, and a wide-throat intersection.\|center\|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.1''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]

			Examples of advance signing on intersection approaches are illustrated in [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]]. [[903.2 Regulatory Signs and Barricades (MUTCD Chapter 2B) #903.2\|EPG 903.2]], [[903.3 Ground-Mounted Sign Supports #903.3\|903.3]], and [[903.4 Guide Signs—Conventional Roads (MUTCD Chapter 2D) #903.4\|903.4]] contain provisions regarding the application of regulatory, warning, and conventional guide signs, respectively.

	{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-2}}		{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-2}}
	[[File:Figure 903.1.13.2 Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections.png\|thumb\|alt=Examples of sign locations at an acute-angle intersection, a channelized intersection, a minor crossroad, an urban intersection, a divisional island, and a wide-throat intersection. \|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.2''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]		[[File:Figure 903.1.13.2 Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections.png\|thumb\|alt=Examples of sign locations at an acute-angle intersection, a channelized intersection, a minor crossroad, an urban intersection, a divisional island, and a wide-throat intersection.\|center\|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.2''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]

	'''Support. '''Standardization of position cannot always be attained in practice. Examples of heights and lateral locations of signs for typical installations are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]], and examples of locations for some typical signs at intersections are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-2\|Figure 903.1.13.2]] and [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]].

	Examples of advance signing on intersection approaches are illustrated in [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]]. [[903.2 Regulatory Signs and Barricades (MUTCD Chapter 2B) #903.2\|EPG 903.2]], [[903.3 Ground-Mounted Sign Supports #903.3\|903.3]], and [[903.4 Guide Signs—Conventional Roads (MUTCD Chapter 2D) #903.4\|903.4]] contain provisions regarding the application of regulatory, warning, and conventional guide signs, respectively.

	'''Standard. '''Signs requiring separate decisions by the road user shall be spaced sufficiently far apart for the appropriate decisions to be made.		'''Standard. '''Signs requiring separate decisions by the road user shall be spaced sufficiently far apart for the appropriate decisions to be made.

HogsettC at 17:00, 1 December 2025

2025-12-01T17:00:13Z

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	In addition to the provisions of this article, information affecting the minimum mounting height of signs as a function of crash performance can be found in the “Roadside Design Guide,” 4th Edition, 2011, AASHTO.		In addition to the provisions of this article, information affecting the minimum mounting height of signs as a function of crash performance can be found in the “Roadside Design Guide,” 4th Edition, 2011, AASHTO.

	'''Standard. '''In rural areas, the minimum height, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the pavement, of signs installed at the side of the road shall be 5 feet (see [[#fig903.1~~.12~~\|Figure 903.1.12]]).		'''Standard. '''In rural areas, the minimum height, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the pavement, of signs installed at the side of the road shall be 5 feet (see [[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]]).

	In business, commercial, or residential areas where parking, bicyclist, or pedestrian movements are likely to occur, or where the view of the sign might be obstructed, the minimum height, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the top of the curb, or in the absence of curb, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the traveled way, of signs installed at the side of the road shall be 7 feet (see [[#fig903.1~~.12~~\|Figure 903.1.12]]).		In business, commercial, or residential areas where parking, bicyclist, or pedestrian movements are likely to occur, or where the view of the sign might be obstructed, the minimum height, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the top of the curb, or in the absence of curb, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the traveled way, of signs installed at the side of the road shall be 7 feet (see [[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]]).

	'''Option. '''The height to the bottom of a secondary sign mounted below another sign may be 1 foot less than the height specified in the Standard paragraphs above.		'''Option. '''The height to the bottom of a secondary sign mounted below another sign may be 1 foot less than the height specified in the Standard paragraphs above.
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	'''Guidance. '''While a maximum mounting height for signs is generally not prescribed in the EPG, the nominal mounting heights should be adhered to, ensuring that signs are not mounted at such a height as to be out of the road user’s normal field of vision (see the second paragraph of this article and the third paragraph of [[:Category:911_General_(MUTCD_Part_1) #911.4.9 \| EPG 911 (MUTCD Section 1D.09)]]), especially in urban settings where signs are mounted on traffic signal or light poles.		'''Guidance. '''While a maximum mounting height for signs is generally not prescribed in the EPG, the nominal mounting heights should be adhered to, ensuring that signs are not mounted at such a height as to be out of the road user’s normal field of vision (see the second paragraph of this article and the third paragraph of [[:Category:911_General_(MUTCD_Part_1) #911.4.9 \| EPG 911 (MUTCD Section 1D.09)]]), especially in urban settings where signs are mounted on traffic signal or light poles.

	'''Support. '''[[#fig903.1~~.12~~\|Figure 903.1.12]] illustrates some examples of the mounting height requirements contained in this article.		'''Support. '''[[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]] illustrates some examples of the mounting height requirements contained in this article.

	See [[903.17 Overhead Sign Mounting #903.17.4\|EPG 903.17.4]] for information regarding vertical clearances for overhead signs.		See [[903.17 Overhead Sign Mounting #903.17.4\|EPG 903.17.4]] for information regarding vertical clearances for overhead signs.
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	'''Support. '''Guidance for maintaining sign shape in laterally-constrained conditions is described in [[#903.1.5\|EPG 903.1.5]].		'''Support. '''Guidance for maintaining sign shape in laterally-constrained conditions is described in [[#903.1.5\|EPG 903.1.5]].

	[[#fig903.1~~.12~~\|Figure 903.1.12]] and [[#fig903-1-13-1\|903.1.13]] illustrate some examples of the lateral offset requirements contained in this article.		[[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]] and [[#fig903-1-13-2\|903.1.13.2]] illustrate some examples of the lateral offset requirements contained in this article.

	=={{SpanID\|903.1.17}}903.1.17 Orientation (MUTCD Section 2A.17)==		=={{SpanID\|903.1.17}}903.1.17 Orientation (MUTCD Section 2A.17)==

HogsettC: /* {{SpanID|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13) */

2025-12-01T16:53:16Z

{{SpanID|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13)

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	'''Option. '''Under some circumstances, such as on curves to the right, signs may be placed on median islands or on the left-hand side of the road. A supplementary sign located on the left-hand side of the roadway may be used on a multi-lane road where traffic in a lane to the right might obstruct the view to the right.		'''Option. '''Under some circumstances, such as on curves to the right, signs may be placed on median islands or on the left-hand side of the road. A supplementary sign located on the left-hand side of the roadway may be used on a multi-lane road where traffic in a lane to the right might obstruct the view to the right.

	'''Guidance. '''In urban areas where crosswalks exist, signs should not be placed within 4 feet in advance of the crosswalk (see Drawing D in [[#fig903.1.13.2\|Figure 903.1.13.2]]).		'''Guidance. '''In urban areas where crosswalks exist, signs should not be placed within 4 feet in advance of the crosswalk (see Drawing D in [[#fig903-1-13-2\|Figure 903.1.13.2]]).

	=={{SpanID\|903.1.14}}903.1.14 Overhead Sign Installation (MUTCD Section 2A.14)==		=={{SpanID\|903.1.14}}903.1.14 Overhead Sign Installation (MUTCD Section 2A.14)==

HogsettC: /* {{SpanID|903.1.12}}903.1.12 LEDs Used for Conspicuity Enhancement on Standard Signs (MUTCD Section 2A.12) */

2025-12-01T16:51:53Z

{{SpanID|903.1.12}}903.1.12 LEDs Used for Conspicuity Enhancement on Standard Signs (MUTCD Section 2A.12)

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	=={{SpanID\|903.1.12}}903.1.12 LEDs Used for Conspicuity Enhancement on Standard Signs (MUTCD Section 2A.12) ==		=={{SpanID\|903.1.12}}903.1.12 LEDs Used for Conspicuity Enhancement on Standard Signs (MUTCD Section 2A.12) ==
	'''Support. '''This article regarding light-emitting diode (LED) units applies to the use of illuminated elements that supplement a sign legend to enhance the conspicuity of the sign.		'''Support. '''This article regarding light-emitting diode (LED) units applies to the use of illuminated elements that supplement a sign legend to enhance the conspicuity of the sign.

	~~{{SpanID\|fig903.1.12}}~~
	[[File:Figure 903.1.12 Examples of Heights and Lateral Locations of Sign Installations.png\|thumb\|right\|alt=An example of a single, regulatory, warning, or guide sign adjacent to a roadway, a roadside sign along a curbed roadway, a roadside sign with a supplemental plaque, a roadside assembly, an object marker mounted below a sign, a chevron sign, an emergency reference marker, and a double-down arrow sign.\|600px\| '''Figure 903.1.12''' Examples of Heights and Lateral Locations of Sign Installations]]

	LED units that are used to illuminate the full sign display, background, or legend are changeable message signs (CMS), which are covered in [[903.2 Regulatory Signs and Barricades (MUTCD Chapter 2B) #903.2\|EPG 903.2]], [[903.3 Warning Signs and Object Markers (MUTCD Chapter 2C) #903.3\| 903.3]], [[903.12 Changeable Message Signs (MUTCD Chapter 2L) #903.12\|903.12]], and [[:Category:908 Traffic Controls for School Areas (MUTCD Part 7)\|908]].		LED units that are used to illuminate the full sign display, background, or legend are changeable message signs (CMS), which are covered in [[903.2 Regulatory Signs and Barricades (MUTCD Chapter 2B) #903.2\|EPG 903.2]], [[903.3 Warning Signs and Object Markers (MUTCD Chapter 2C) #903.3\| 903.3]], [[903.12 Changeable Message Signs (MUTCD Chapter 2L) #903.12\|903.12]], and [[:Category:908 Traffic Controls for School Areas (MUTCD Part 7)\|908]].

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	'''Support. '''Standardization of position cannot always be attained in practice. Examples of heights and lateral locations of signs for typical installations are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]], and examples of locations for some typical signs at intersections are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-2\|Figure 903.1.13.2]] and [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]].		'''Support. '''Standardization of position cannot always be attained in practice. Examples of heights and lateral locations of signs for typical installations are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]], and examples of locations for some typical signs at intersections are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-2\|Figure 903.1.13.2]] and [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]].

			Examples of advance signing on intersection approaches are illustrated in [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]]. [[903.2 Regulatory Signs and Barricades (MUTCD Chapter 2B) #903.2\|EPG 903.2]], [[903.3 Ground-Mounted Sign Supports #903.3\|903.3]], and [[903.4 Guide Signs—Conventional Roads (MUTCD Chapter 2D) #903.4\|903.4]] contain provisions regarding the application of regulatory, warning, and conventional guide signs, respectively.

	{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-1}}		{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-1}}
	[[File:Figure 903.1.13.1 Examples of Heights and Lateral Locations of Sign Installations.png\|thumb\|alt=Examples of sign locations at an acute-angle intersection, a channelized intersection, a minor crossroad, an urban intersection, a divisional island, and a wide-throat intersection.\|center\|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.1''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]		[[File:Figure 903.1.13.1 Examples of Heights and Lateral Locations of Sign Installations.png\|thumb\|alt=Examples of sign locations at an acute-angle intersection, a channelized intersection, a minor crossroad, an urban intersection, a divisional island, and a wide-throat intersection.\|center\|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.1''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]

	Examples of advance signing on intersection approaches are illustrated in [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]]. [[903.2 Regulatory Signs and Barricades (MUTCD Chapter 2B) #903.2\|EPG 903.2]], [[903.3 Ground-Mounted Sign Supports #903.3\|903.3]], and [[903.4 Guide Signs—Conventional Roads (MUTCD Chapter 2D) #903.4\|903.4]] contain provisions regarding the application of regulatory, warning, and conventional guide signs, respectively.

	{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-2}}		{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-2}}

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	=={{SpanID\|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13)==		=={{SpanID\|903.1.13}}903.1.13 Standardization of Location (MUTCD Section 2A.13)==

			'''Support. '''Standardization of position cannot always be attained in practice. Examples of heights and lateral locations of signs for typical installations are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]], and examples of locations for some typical signs at intersections are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-2\|Figure 903.1.13.2]] and [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]].

	{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-1}}		{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-1}}
	[[File:Figure 903.1.13.1 Examples of Heights and Lateral Locations of Sign Installations.png\|thumb\|alt=Examples of sign locations at an acute-angle intersection, a channelized intersection, a minor crossroad, an urban intersection, a divisional island, and a wide-throat intersection. \|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.1''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]		[[File:Figure 903.1.13.1 Examples of Heights and Lateral Locations of Sign Installations.png\|thumb\|alt=Examples of sign locations at an acute-angle intersection, a channelized intersection, a minor crossroad, an urban intersection, a divisional island, and a wide-throat intersection.\|center\|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.1''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]

			Examples of advance signing on intersection approaches are illustrated in [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]]. [[903.2 Regulatory Signs and Barricades (MUTCD Chapter 2B) #903.2\|EPG 903.2]], [[903.3 Ground-Mounted Sign Supports #903.3\|903.3]], and [[903.4 Guide Signs—Conventional Roads (MUTCD Chapter 2D) #903.4\|903.4]] contain provisions regarding the application of regulatory, warning, and conventional guide signs, respectively.

	{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-2}}		{{SpanID\|fig903-1-13-2}}
	[[File:Figure 903.1.13.2 Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections.png\|thumb\|alt=Examples of sign locations at an acute-angle intersection, a channelized intersection, a minor crossroad, an urban intersection, a divisional island, and a wide-throat intersection. \|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.2''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]		[[File:Figure 903.1.13.2 Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections.png\|thumb\|alt=Examples of sign locations at an acute-angle intersection, a channelized intersection, a minor crossroad, an urban intersection, a divisional island, and a wide-throat intersection.\|center\|600px\|'''Figure 903.1.13.2''' Examples of Locations for Some Typical Signs at Intersections]]

	'''Support. '''Standardization of position cannot always be attained in practice. Examples of heights and lateral locations of signs for typical installations are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]], and examples of locations for some typical signs at intersections are illustrated in [[#fig903-1-13-2\|Figure 903.1.13.2]] and [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]].

	Examples of advance signing on intersection approaches are illustrated in [[616.16 Typical Applications (MUTCD Chapter 6P) #616.16\|EPG 616.16]]. [[903.2 Regulatory Signs and Barricades (MUTCD Chapter 2B) #903.2\|EPG 903.2]], [[903.3 Ground-Mounted Sign Supports #903.3\|903.3]], and [[903.4 Guide Signs—Conventional Roads (MUTCD Chapter 2D) #903.4\|903.4]] contain provisions regarding the application of regulatory, warning, and conventional guide signs, respectively.

	'''Standard. '''Signs requiring separate decisions by the road user shall be spaced sufficiently far apart for the appropriate decisions to be made.		'''Standard. '''Signs requiring separate decisions by the road user shall be spaced sufficiently far apart for the appropriate decisions to be made.

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	In addition to the provisions of this article, information affecting the minimum mounting height of signs as a function of crash performance can be found in the “Roadside Design Guide,” 4th Edition, 2011, AASHTO.		In addition to the provisions of this article, information affecting the minimum mounting height of signs as a function of crash performance can be found in the “Roadside Design Guide,” 4th Edition, 2011, AASHTO.

	'''Standard. '''In rural areas, the minimum height, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the pavement, of signs installed at the side of the road shall be 5 feet (see [[#fig903.1~~.12~~\|Figure 903.1.12]]).		'''Standard. '''In rural areas, the minimum height, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the pavement, of signs installed at the side of the road shall be 5 feet (see [[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]]).

	In business, commercial, or residential areas where parking, bicyclist, or pedestrian movements are likely to occur, or where the view of the sign might be obstructed, the minimum height, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the top of the curb, or in the absence of curb, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the traveled way, of signs installed at the side of the road shall be 7 feet (see [[#fig903.1~~.12~~\|Figure 903.1.12]]).		In business, commercial, or residential areas where parking, bicyclist, or pedestrian movements are likely to occur, or where the view of the sign might be obstructed, the minimum height, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the top of the curb, or in the absence of curb, measured vertically from the bottom of the sign to the elevation of the near edge of the traveled way, of signs installed at the side of the road shall be 7 feet (see [[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]]).

	'''Option. '''The height to the bottom of a secondary sign mounted below another sign may be 1 foot less than the height specified in the Standard paragraphs above.		'''Option. '''The height to the bottom of a secondary sign mounted below another sign may be 1 foot less than the height specified in the Standard paragraphs above.
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	'''Guidance. '''While a maximum mounting height for signs is generally not prescribed in the EPG, the nominal mounting heights should be adhered to, ensuring that signs are not mounted at such a height as to be out of the road user’s normal field of vision (see the second paragraph of this article and the third paragraph of [[:Category:911_General_(MUTCD_Part_1) #911.4.9 \| EPG 911 (MUTCD Section 1D.09)]]), especially in urban settings where signs are mounted on traffic signal or light poles.		'''Guidance. '''While a maximum mounting height for signs is generally not prescribed in the EPG, the nominal mounting heights should be adhered to, ensuring that signs are not mounted at such a height as to be out of the road user’s normal field of vision (see the second paragraph of this article and the third paragraph of [[:Category:911_General_(MUTCD_Part_1) #911.4.9 \| EPG 911 (MUTCD Section 1D.09)]]), especially in urban settings where signs are mounted on traffic signal or light poles.

	'''Support. '''[[#fig903.1~~.12~~\|Figure 903.1.12]] illustrates some examples of the mounting height requirements contained in this article.		'''Support. '''[[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]] illustrates some examples of the mounting height requirements contained in this article.

	See [[903.17 Overhead Sign Mounting #903.17.4\|EPG 903.17.4]] for information regarding vertical clearances for overhead signs.		See [[903.17 Overhead Sign Mounting #903.17.4\|EPG 903.17.4]] for information regarding vertical clearances for overhead signs.
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	'''Support. '''Guidance for maintaining sign shape in laterally-constrained conditions is described in [[#903.1.5\|EPG 903.1.5]].		'''Support. '''Guidance for maintaining sign shape in laterally-constrained conditions is described in [[#903.1.5\|EPG 903.1.5]].

	[[#fig903.1~~.12~~\|Figure 903.1.12]] and [[#fig903-1-13-1\|903.1.13]] illustrate some examples of the lateral offset requirements contained in this article.		[[#fig903-1-13-1\|Figure 903.1.13.1]] and [[#fig903-1-13-2\|903.1.13.2]] illustrate some examples of the lateral offset requirements contained in this article.

	=={{SpanID\|903.1.17}}903.1.17 Orientation (MUTCD Section 2A.17)==		=={{SpanID\|903.1.17}}903.1.17 Orientation (MUTCD Section 2A.17)==