Shoulder Surface - Revision history

Smithk: Article moved to EPG Other Aspects of Pavement Design. (This 2008 article had 3346 hits. Hist: 2/23/09, Added A3 shldr guidance & updated use of A1, A2 & A3)

2010-08-27T13:54:43Z

Article moved to EPG Other Aspects of Pavement Design. (This 2008 article had 3346 hits. Hist: 2/23/09, Added A3 shldr guidance & updated use of A1, A2 & A3)

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:54, 27 August 2010
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	~~[[image~~:~~Shoulder Surface Photo~~.~~jpg~~\|~~right~~\|~~300 px]]~~		{\|style="padding: 0.3em; margin-left:15px; border:2px solid #a9a9a9; text-align:center; font-size: 95%; background:#f5f5f5" width="240px" align="center"
	~~Paved shoulders and aggregate stabilized shoulders provide a secure surface~~ to ~~accomodate vehicles for emergencies and other uses. Paved shoulders are an integral part of the pavement structure and are considered as part of the pavement design configuration. See~~ [[~~231.4~~ Shoulder ~~Width~~\|Shoulder ~~Width~~]] ~~for additional information~~		\|-
			\|'''This article has moved'''
	Shoulders on urban roadways with access control (major or minor) are to be paved. In no case will a paved or aggregate surface be used directly behind a mountable curb along the outer edge of a roadway. ~~A curb and gutter will only be used with an anticipated posted speed less than 50 mph.~~		\|-
			\|Shoulder Surface has moved to [[Other Aspects of Pavement Design#Shoulder Surface\|Shoulder Surface]]. The content was not changed, only article's location.
	~~Currently shoulder designs are categorized as A1, A2 and A3.~~		\|}

	Type A1 shoulder design is comprised of asphalt or concrete on a prepared aggregate subgrade placed the same thickness as the mainline pavement. This shoulder type should be used sparingly, in instances that can be justified such as where there is an imminent need for use of the shoulder as a lane.

	Type A2 shoulder design consists of asphalt, concrete or roller compacted concrete on a prepared aggregate subgrade with the final surface placed 5 ¾ in. thick. This shoulder should be used on all interstate routes and for major roadways with significant traffic.

	Type A3 shoulder design consists of asphalt, concrete, or roller compacted concrete on a prepared aggregate subgrade with the final surface placed either 3 ¾ in. thick (asphalt) or 4 in. thick (concrete or roller compacted concrete). This shoulder should be used on major routes with relatively lower traffic volumes and on minor routes where a paved shoulder will be provided.

	Where a paved shoulder is provided on major routes, the full thickness of the travel way pavement should be extended laterally to a longitudinal joint either 1 ft. or 2 ft. outside the travel way. This widening should extend 2 ft. for interstate and 1 ft. for all other locations. In instances where short segments of pavement are placed, butted at each end by pavement that is not ~~widened~~, ~~approval may be obtained to omit the widening~~.

	~~Ramp shoulders should be consistent with the mainline. For ramps with integral curbs, the shoulder material and thickness will be specified in the pavement thickness determination.~~

	Minor road shoulders should be aggregate stabilized except when maintenance or safety concerns (e.g., edge drop off, high run-off road occurrence) justify an alternate treatment. When conditions warrant, a 1 or 2 ft. lateral extension of the mainline pavement should be considered as an initial option. If paving the remaining width of shoulder is justified, the shoulder should consist of the Type A3 shoulder design.

	[[Category:450 Bituminous Pavement Design]]		[[Category:450 Bituminous Pavement Design]]
	[[Category:550 Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Design]]		[[Category:550 Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Design]]
	[[Category:350 Design for Bases and Aggregate Surfaces]]		[[Category:350 Design for Bases and Aggregate Surfaces]]

EPG-Admin: Added A3 shoulder guidance and updated useage of A1, A2 and A3 shoulders.

2009-02-23T18:46:01Z

Added A3 shoulder guidance and updated useage of A1, A2 and A3 shoulders.

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:46, 23 February 2009
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	Paved shoulders and aggregate stabilized shoulders provide a secure surface to accomodate vehicles for emergencies and other uses. Paved shoulders are an integral part of the pavement structure and are considered as part of the pavement design configuration. See [[231.4 Shoulder Width\|Shoulder Width]] for additional information		Paved shoulders and aggregate stabilized shoulders provide a secure surface to accomodate vehicles for emergencies and other uses. Paved shoulders are an integral part of the pavement structure and are considered as part of the pavement design configuration. See [[231.4 Shoulder Width\|Shoulder Width]] for additional information

	On major roads the entire shoulder width should be paved. On minor roads the shoulder should be aggregate stabilized except where maintenance or safety concerns (e.g., edge drop off, high runoff road occurence) justify a paved shoulder. Shoulders on urban roadways with access control (major or minor) are to be paved. In no case will a paved or aggregate surface be used directly behind a mountable curb along the outer edge of a roadway. A curb and gutter will only be used with an anticipated posted speed less than 50 mph.		Shoulders on urban roadways with access control (major or minor) are to be paved. In no case will a paved or aggregate surface be used directly behind a mountable curb along the outer edge of a roadway. A curb and gutter will only be used with an anticipated posted speed less than 50 mph.

	~~Where a paved~~ shoulder is provided for either concrete or asphalt pavements, the full thickness of the travel way pavement is extended laterally to a longitudinal joint 2 ft. outside the travel way. The remainder of the shoulder width is paved with 5 ¾ in. of concrete or asphalt, at the contractor's option, ~~as a Type~~ A2 Shoulder. Where an additional lane is considered imminent, a full depth Type A paved shoulder is provided as an integral part of the pavement structure, with the width desired for future lane use. In this case the joint is placed at the edge of the travel way. Ramp shoulders should be consistent with the mainline. For ramps with integral curbs, the shoulder material and ~~thickness will be specified in the pavement thickness determination~~.		Currently shoulder designs are categorized as A1, A2 and A3.

	For maintenance~~, structural~~ or safety concerns ~~on a minor~~ road, the pavement ~~structure width may~~ be ~~extended two additional feet~~. If paving the remaining width of shoulder is justified, the shoulder should consist of the Type A2 shoulder design.		Type A1 shoulder design is comprised of asphalt or concrete on a prepared aggregate subgrade placed the same thickness as the mainline pavement. This shoulder type should be used sparingly, in instances that can be justified such as where there is an imminent need for use of the shoulder as a lane.

			Type A2 shoulder design consists of asphalt, concrete or roller compacted concrete on a prepared aggregate subgrade with the final surface placed 5 ¾ in. thick. This shoulder should be used on all interstate routes and for major roadways with significant traffic.

			Type A3 shoulder design consists of asphalt, concrete, or roller compacted concrete on a prepared aggregate subgrade with the final surface placed either 3 ¾ in. thick (asphalt) or 4 in. thick (concrete or roller compacted concrete). This shoulder should be used on major routes with relatively lower traffic volumes and on minor routes where a paved shoulder will be provided.

			Where a paved shoulder is provided on major routes, the full thickness of the travel way pavement should be extended laterally to a longitudinal joint either 1 ft. or 2 ft. outside the travel way. This widening should extend 2 ft. for interstate and 1 ft. for all other locations. In instances where short segments of pavement are placed, butted at each end by pavement that is not widened, approval may be obtained to omit the widening.

			Ramp shoulders should be consistent with the mainline. For ramps with integral curbs, the shoulder material and thickness will be specified in the pavement thickness determination.

			Minor road shoulders should be aggregate stabilized except when maintenance or safety concerns (e.g., edge drop off, high run-off road occurrence) justify an alternate treatment. When conditions warrant, a 1 or 2 ft. lateral extension of the mainline pavement should be considered as an initial option. If paving the remaining width of shoulder is justified, the shoulder should consist of the Type A3 shoulder design.

	[[Category:450 Bituminous Pavement Design]]		[[Category:450 Bituminous Pavement Design]]
	[[Category:550 Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Design]]		[[Category:550 Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Design]]
	[[Category:350 Design for Bases and Aggregate Surfaces]]		[[Category:350 Design for Bases and Aggregate Surfaces]]

EPG-Admin: remove "Key Points" box from the article

2008-11-19T16:20:52Z

remove "Key Points" box from the article

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	~~\|style="background:yellow"\|'''[[Key Points Shoulder Surface\|Key Points]]'''~~
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	[[image:Shoulder Surface Photo.jpg\|right\|300 px]]		[[image:Shoulder Surface Photo.jpg\|right\|300 px]]
	Paved shoulders and aggregate stabilized shoulders provide a secure surface to accomodate vehicles for emergencies and other uses. Paved shoulders are an integral part of the pavement structure and are considered as part of the pavement design configuration. See [[231.4 Shoulder Width\|Shoulder Width]] for additional information		Paved shoulders and aggregate stabilized shoulders provide a secure surface to accomodate vehicles for emergencies and other uses. Paved shoulders are an integral part of the pavement structure and are considered as part of the pavement design configuration. See [[231.4 Shoulder Width\|Shoulder Width]] for additional information

EPG-Admin at 14:19, 12 March 2008

2008-03-12T14:19:15Z

New page

{|border="4"
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|style="background:yellow"|'''[[Key Points Shoulder Surface|Key Points]]'''
|}

[[image:Shoulder Surface Photo.jpg|right|300 px]]
Paved shoulders and aggregate stabilized shoulders provide a secure surface to accomodate vehicles for emergencies and other uses. Paved shoulders are an integral part of the pavement structure and are considered as part of the pavement design configuration. See [[231.4 Shoulder Width|Shoulder Width]] for additional information

On major roads the entire shoulder width should be paved. On minor roads the shoulder should be aggregate stabilized except where maintenance or safety concerns (e.g., edge drop off, high runoff road occurence) justify a paved shoulder. Shoulders on urban roadways with access control (major or minor) are to be paved. In no case will a paved or aggregate surface be used directly behind a mountable curb along the outer edge of a roadway. A curb and gutter will only be used with an anticipated posted speed less than 50 mph.

Where a paved shoulder is provided for either concrete or asphalt pavements, the full thickness of the travel way pavement is extended laterally to a longitudinal joint 2 ft. outside the travel way. The remainder of the shoulder width is paved with 5 ¾ in. of concrete or asphalt, at the contractor's option, as a Type A2 Shoulder. Where an additional lane is considered imminent, a full depth Type A paved shoulder is provided as an integral part of the pavement structure, with the width desired for future lane use. In this case the joint is placed at the edge of the travel way. Ramp shoulders should be consistent with the mainline. For ramps with integral curbs, the shoulder material and thickness will be specified in the pavement thickness determination.

For maintenance, structural or safety concerns on a minor road, the pavement structure width may be extended two additional feet. If paving the remaining width of shoulder is justified, the shoulder should consist of the Type A2 shoulder design.

[[Category:450 Bituminous Pavement Design]]
[[Category:550 Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Design]]
[[Category:350 Design for Bases and Aggregate Surfaces]]